Closest’ layer to the user Works with the applications you use to communicate over the network E.g.. Services include SMTP, HTTP , DNS;...
The presentation layer
Ensures that the information that the application layer of one system sends out is readable by the application layer of another system. Fo...
The session layer
Establishes, manages, and terminates sessions between two communicating hosts. Sessions Dialog Conversations Data exchange The Ses...
The transport layer
Provides reliable, transparent transfer of data over networks. Segments, data stream, datagram Connection oriented and connectionless. ...
The network layer
Provides connectivity and path selection between two host systems that may be located on geographically separated networks. Packets Virt...
The data-link layer
The data link layer frame includes source and destination addresses, data length, start signal or indicator and other related Ethernet info...
The physical layer ,
The physical layer Transmission of an unstructured bit stream over a physical link between end systems. Electrical, mechanical, procedur...
LAN Transmission Methods
LAN transmission methods fall into 3 main categories: 1 Unicast transmission 2 Multicast transmission 3 Broadcast transmission 1 :-- ...
What is Internet, Intranet and extranet ??
Internet is a Network of Networks! A Network to be called as Internet, any unknown external user or users are allowed to access the par...
Mesh Topolog
Mesh Topology In this topology each computer is connected to every other computer by using a separate cable it provide fault tolerance if...
Cellular topology
Cellular topology It is called wireless topology. The N/W is made up of transmitters that broadcast the packet using a radio frequency....
Hybrid topology, Tree topology
Hybrid topology When we connect two different topologies with each other. Like when we use star and bus or bus and ring both are type...
Ring Topology
It provide close loop between transmission medium. A ring topology is a circle that has no start and no end because there is no end it i...
Bus Topology
It is a linear topology. All the nodes are connected with each other with a main backbone cable called coaxial cable. Traffic generate...
Star Topology
In this topology all the nodes are connected to a central node which further rebroadcast all the transmission received from one node to ano...
Types of Topology:
1.Star Topology 2.Bus Topology 3.Ring Topology 4.Hibrid Topology 5.Tree Topology 6.Celluler Topology 7.Mesh Topology
Topologies
It is a physical or logical structure of a network. It is manner in which all the devices & cable are connected in a n/w. In Wind...
Collaborative model
It work much like a distributed processing model. In this model client & server can work together performing a common performing task....
Peer to peer (workgroup)
In this all the nodes act as a server and client both. It is decentralize network. In a workgroup model there is no client- server relat...